From Wired.com - scientific
data that shows green leaved trees cause global warming! Too funny, but
true.
http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,69914-0.html?tw=wn_tophead_1
(reprinted below)
Forget planting trees
to negate your SUV's contribution to global warming -- according to Stanford
University atmospheric scientist Ken Caldeira, forests in the wrong location
can actually make the Earth hotter.
Plants absorb large
amounts of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, so scientists and policy
makers have long assumed new forest growth helps combat global warming. At an American Geophysical Union conference in San
Francisco earlier this month, however, Caldeira rolled out a provocative new
finding: Trees may be good at capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, but
their dark leaves are also very efficient at soaking up sunlight, which is
later released as heat. At certain latitudes, the net effect of these two
processes is warming, rather than cooling.
"Forests do
store carbon, and as a result, the planet initially cools a little -- maybe
tenths of degrees," Caldeira said. "But over the long term, trees'
heat absorption warms things up more."
Caldeira and
colleagues at California's Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory created a computer simulation showing that if most land
areas in northern latitudes were covered with forests, the planet would be six
degrees warmer than it is today. Forest growth in equatorial areas, on the
other hand, reduced global temperatures in the simulation because the warmer
air in these regions allows more moisture to evaporate from the leaves of
trees. This produces substantial cooling that cancels out the effects of heat
absorption.
These seemingly
maverick ideas have met with serious interest among some climatologists.
"Planting trees definitely sequesters carbon dioxide, which tends to lower
temperatures," said Eric
Adams, an ecologist in Massachusetts Institute of Technology's
environmental engineering department. "But the trees also do absorb light
that might otherwise be reflected, which causes warming."
"It's very
interesting that changing land use -- whether that means growing trees or
cutting them down -- can have an effect on climate," added David Erickson,
director of the Climate and Carbon Research Institute at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee.
"That effect is working in conjunction with the impact of greenhouse gases."
If future studies
confirm Caldeira's findings, his work could have a substantial impact on
environmental policy. Currently, programs like Carbonfund and the Chicago Climate Exchange support the
planting of temperate forests in various regions of the United States in order
to reduce global warming.
In the United
Kingdom, for-profit Climate Care offers
customers the chance to "cancel out" the carbon-dioxide emissions
they produce by donating to a fund that supports reforestation efforts. Its
Stratus package, which costs about $130, is billed as making one person
"completely climate-neutral for the whole year."
Caldeira's research suggests
efforts like these are off base. "Organizations should not be giving these
kinds of credits," he said. "Planting forests in mid-latitudes should
not be considered equivalent to using renewable resources."
Carbonfund spokesman
Craig Coulter, however, urged caution. "If scientific consensus shows that
this study is valid, then of course we'd have to take that into account,"
he said. "But there's always been tit-for-tat among academics about
different methods for calculating the impact of reducing carbon, and I'd want
to see more studies along these lines before making policy changes." He
also pointed out that planting trees has a variety of environmental benefits
unrelated to global warming, such as restoring threatened animal habitats and
preventing the erosion of topsoil.
Caldeira stressed
that lawmakers shouldn't advocate chopping down swaths of forest in hopes of
reducing global temperatures a few degrees. He thinks investing in new sources
of clean energy, like hydrogen and biofuel, is a better way to address the
global-warming problem.
"Earth systems
are very complicated -- you might be able to reduce warming by cutting down
some trees, but that wouldn't be good for the environment overall," he
said. "The less we interfere with the system, the more likely we are to
have a healthy planet."